Keragaman Morfologi Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) KR 11 Mutan EMS (Ethyl Methanesulfonate) berdasarkan Panduan Karakterisasi Kenaf
Abstract
Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) merupakan salah satu sumber serat yang cukup potensial untuk dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Peningkatan pemanfaatan tanaman kenaf dapat dilakukan dengan menghasilkan varietas baru kenaf, salah satunya menggunakan EMS. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah mengetahui keragaman tanaman kenaf hasil mutasi EMS berdasarkan Panduan Karakterisasi Kenaf yang dikeluarkan oleh Departemen Pertanian. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan 6 genotip berbeda, yaitu satu control (KR 11) dan lima genotip mutan EMS. Metode yang digunakan ialah melakukan pengamatan pada karakter morfologi yang meliputi karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif dari karakter daun, bunga maupun karakter batang. Pengamatan karakter daun dilakukan pada saat tanaman berbunga pertama, karakter pembungaan diamati pada saat tanaman mengalami umur berbunga 50% serta karakter batang diamati pada saat panen. Hasil pengamatan kemudian disesuaikan dengan character state yang ditentukan dari Panduan Karakterisasi Kenaf dan dianalisis menggunakan software Clad97. Berdasarkan panduan tersebut, mutan yang memiliki keragaman paling rendah terhadap KR 11 ialah genotip mutan mutan 1 dengan nilai similaritas sebesar 94.4% sedangkan mutan dengan keragaman paling tinggi ditunjukkan oleh genotip mutan 4 dengan nilai similaritas sebesar 67.5%.
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