Penentuan Jenis dan Status Konservasi Pari Layang-Layang yang Didaratkan Di TPI Gunung Lingkas Kota Tarakan Dengan Pendekatan Molekuler
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2021.009.01.09Abstract
Pari yang diperdagangkan di Tempat Penampungan Ikan (TPI) Tarakan perlu diketahui jenisnya. Hal ini merupakan langkah awal agar jenis pari yang tergolong dilindungi atau populasinya telah berkurang di alam dapat dihindari untuk diperdagangkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengungkap spesies pari layang-layang yang diperdagangkan dari TPI Gunung Lingkas, Tarakan, Kalimantan Utara, dengan menggunakan metode pengidentifikasian secara molekuler (DNA barcoding) dan menentukan status konservasinya. Berdasarkan hasil BLAST, sampel teridentifikasi memiliki kemiripan 99,80% dengan spesies Aetoplatea zonura isolate GZON2. Hasil BOLD-IDS juga memberikan persentase kemiripan sebesar 99,8% dengan spesies Gymnura zonura (sinonim A. zonura). Nilai kemiripan >98% menjelaskan bahwa homologi sekuen berada pada tingkat spesies sehingga sampel yang diidentifikasi merupakan G. zonura. Hasil analisis filogenetik dengan menggunakan tiga metode analisis yaitu NJ, ML, dan ME menempatkan sampel ray-T2, G. zonura, dan G. cf zonura konsisten berada pada kelompok yang sama (monofiletik). Artinya, sampel ray-T2 berkerabat dekat dengan G. zonura. Status konservasi G. zonura terkategori vulnerable (vu) di laman IUCN yang berarti spesies ini sedang menghadapi risiko kepunahan di alam sedangkan status pada CITES masih dalam posisi belum terevaluasi.
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