Keanekaragaman Burung Sebagai Potensi Pengembangan Avitourism di Objek Wisata Girimanik, Wonogiri, Jawa Tengah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2020.008.03.03Keywords:
avitourism, burung, objek wisata Girimanik, Gunung LawuAbstract
Avitourism sebagai salah satu konsep ekowisata memiliki manfaat pada bidang pendidikan, lingkungan, dan ekonomi. Objek wisata Girimanik sebagai kawasan ekowisata menyimpan potensi keanekaragaman burung dengan didukung kondisi habitat yang relatif baik. Akan tetapi, eksplorasi data keanekaragaman burung belum dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman burung sebagai potensi untuk dijadikan kawasan avitourism di objek wisata Girimanik. Pengambilan data burung dilakukan pada tanggal 11-15 Agustus 2018 di enam jalur pengamatan objek wisata Girimanik, dengan menggunakan metode IPA (Index Point of vbAbundance). Analisis data yang digunakan adalah indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wienner, indeks kemelimpahan relatif, indeks kekayaan jenis, dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif-kualitatif untuk menjelaskan potensi avitourism. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 60 spesies burung dalam 32 famili dengan tingkat keanekaragaman tinggi sebesar 3,1. Kemelimpahan burung didapatkan sebanyak 34 jenis termasuk kategori tidak umum, 22 jenis kategori sering, kategori umum sebanyak tiga jenis, dan satu jenis melimpah. Kekayaan jenis tertinggi dijumpai di jalur Air Terjun Manikmoyo. Berdasarkan potensi avitourism, sebanyak sembilan jenis burung endemik Jawa, tiga jenis terindeks daftar merah IUCN dan tiga jenis masuk Apendik II CITES, 10 jenis yang dilindungi pemerintah, lima jenis raptor, dan enam jenis burung yang memiliki bulu indah serta tiga jenis bersuara merdu. Girimanik berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai kawasan avitourism.
References
Sukmantoro W, Irham M, Novarino W, Hasudungan F, Kemp N, Muchtar M
(2007) Daftar Burung Indonesia no. 2. Bogor, Indonesian Ornithologists’Union, pp 3-4.
Burung Indonesia (2018) Birding guides & services in Indonesia. http://burungnusantara.org/birding-indonesia/guides-and-services/. Diakses: 16 Juni 2019.
Birdlife International (2004) BirdLife Data Zone. http://www.birdlife.org. Diakses: 17 Juni 2019.
Diamond JM, Bishop KD, van Balen S (1987) Bird Survival in an Isolated
Javan Woodland: Island or Mirror? Conservation Biology 1 (2): 132–142.
Sodhi NS, Sekercioglu CH, Barlow J, Robinson SK (2011) Ecological Functions of Birds in the Tropic in Conservation of Tropical Birds. Chicester, Wiley-Blackwell Publication. Pp 68-108.
Shepherd CR, Shepherd LA, Foley KE (2013) Straw-headed Bulbul
Pycnonotus zeylanicus: legal protection and enforcement action in Malaysia.
Birding ASIA 19: 92–94.
Conradie N (2015) Profiling the international avitourist: preferences of avitourists at the British and Dutch birdwatching fairs. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure 4 (1): 1-26.
Weston MA, Guay PJ, Emily M, McLeod M, Miller KK (2015) Do Birdwatchers Care about Bird Disturbance? Anthrozoös 28 (2): 305-317.
Dickinson J, Zuckerberg B, Bonter DN (2010) Citizen science as an ecological research tool: challenges and benefits. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 41: 149–172.
Muhanna E (2006) Sustainable tourism development and environmental management for developing countries. Problems and Perspectives in Management 4 (2): 1-16.
Sayeda T (2017) The effects of mass tourism: an evaluative study on Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science 22 (5): 31-36
Krisanti AA, Choirunnafi’I A, Septiana NO, Pratama FW, Amelia F, Manjaswari A, Septiningtyas PA, Wati AS, Satria JY, Ani IL, Wibowo T, Sugiyarto (2017) The diversity of diurnal bird species on western slope of Mount Lawu, Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18 (3): 1077-1083.
Riefani MK, Soendjoto MA, Munir AM (2019) Bird species in the cement factory complex of Tarjun, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20 (1): 218-225.
Biggs D, Turpieb J, Fabriciusc C, Spenceleyd A (2011) The value of Avitourism for conservation and job creation — an analysis from South Africa. Conservation and Society 9 (1): 80-90.
Mackinnon J, Phillipps K, Balen, BV (2010) Burung-Burung di Sumatera, Jawa, Bali dan Kalimantan. Bogor, LIPI-Burung Indonesia, pp: 26-33.
Eaton JA, van Balen S, Brickle NW, Rheindt FE (2016) Birds of the Indonesian Archipelago: Greater Sundas and Wallacea. Barcelona, Lynx.
Bibby C, Jones M, Marsden S (2000) Teknik-teknik lapangan survei burung. Bogor, Birdlife Indonesia Programme, pp 119-121.
Bismark M (2011) Prosedur Operasi Standar (SOP) untuk survei keragaman jenis pada kawasan konservasi. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perubahan Iklim dan Kebijakan Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan. Bogor.
Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International (2018) Handbook
of the birds of the world and BirdLife International digital checklist of the the birds of birds of the world. Version 3.
http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBWBirdLife_Checklist_v3_Nov18.zip. Diakses: 17 Juni 2019.
Puhakka L, Salo M, Saaksjarvi IE (2011) Bird Diversity, Birdwatching Tourism and Conservation in Peru: A Geographic Analysis. PLoS ONE 6 (11): 1-14.
Garnett ST, Ainsworth GB, Zander KK (2018) Are we choosing the right flagships? The bird species and traits Australians find most attractive. PloS one 13 (6): 1-17.
Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) (2019) Panduan identifikasi jenis satwa liar dilindungi aves seri Passeriformes (Burung Kicau). Jakarta: Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. Pp 13-17.
Aditya, Nugroho GD, Jauhar MF, dan Sunarto. (2019) Keanekaragaman burung diurnal dan potensi burung sebagai objek daya tarik avitourism di Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu, Jawa Tengah. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 5 (2): 362-368.
IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. pp iv-32.
CITES (2015) Appendices I, II and III [Internet]. [diunduh 2020 June 3]. Tersedia pada: http://www.cites.org.
Odum EP (1991) Dasar – dasar ekologi. Yogyakarta, Gadjah Mada University Press, pp 395-399.
Lowen JC, Bartrina L, Clay R, Tobias J (1996) Biological surveys and conservation priorities in eastern Paraguay. Cambridge: CSB Conservation Publications. pp 186.
Margalef R (1958) Information theory in Ecology. International Journal of General Systems 3: 36-71.
Soendjoto MA, Riefani MK, Mahrudin, Zen M (2014) Dynamics of avifauna species in the area of PT Arutmin Indonesia - North Pulau Laut Coal Terminal, Kotabaru, South Kalimantan. Proceedings of National Conference XI on Biology Education. Sebelas Maret University. pp. 512-520.
Rumanasari RD, Saroyo S, Katili DY (2017) Biodiversitas burung pada beberapa tipe habitat di kampus Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Jurnal MIPA 6 (1): 43-46.
Hamzati NS, Aunurohim (2013) Keanekaragaman burung di beberapa tipe habitat di bentang alam Mbeliling bagian barat, Flores. Jurnal Sains dan Seni POMITS 2 (2): 121-126.
Saepudin R (2006). Studi habitat makro burung walet (Collocalia sp.) di Kota Bengkulu. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia 1(1): 8-16.
Boontawee B, Plengklai C and Khao-sa-ard A (1995) Monitoring and measuring forest biodiversity in Thailand. In: Boyle TJB and Boontawee B (eds) Measuring and monitoring biodiversity in tropical and temperate forests. Bogor: CIFRO. pp 113-126.
Lala F, Wagiman FX, Putra S, Nugroho (2013) Keanekaragaman serangga dan struktur vegetasi pada habitat burung insektivora Lanius schach Linn. di Tanjungsari, Yogyakarta. Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia 10 (2): 70-77.
Muttaqin T., Purwanto RH, Rufiqo SN. (2011) Kajian potensi dan strategi pengembangan ekowisata di Cagar Alam Pulau Sempu Kabupaten Malang Provinsi Jawa Timur. GAMMA 6 (2): 152 – 161.
Nainggolan FH, Dew BS, Darmawan A (2019) Status konservasi burung: studi kasus di hutan Desa Cugung Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan Lindung Model Rajabasa Kecamatan Rajabasa Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Jurnal Sylva Lestari 7 (1): 52-61.
Sun, Yuan-Hsun, Huang, Yung-Kun, Tsai, Wei-Hsun, Shiao-Yu, Hong (2009) Breeding-season diet of the mountain Hawk-Eagle in Southern Taiwan. Journal of Raptor Research - J RAPTOR RES 43: 1-6.
Widiana A, Iqbal RM, Yuliawati A (2017) Estimasi luasan dan perkembangan daerah jelajah Elang Brontok (Nisaetus cirrhatus) pasca rehabilitasi di pusat konservasi Elang Kamojang Garut Jawa Barat. Jurnal ISTEK 10 (2): 123-137.
Oentoro Y (2012) Representasi figur burung Garuda yang digunakan sebagai lambang negara. NIRMANA 14 (1): 47-64.
Prawiradilaga DM (2006) Ecology and conservation of endangered Javan Hawk-eagle Spizaetus bartelsi. Ornithological Science 5 (2): 177-186.
Lemelin H, Dawson J, Stewart EJ (2012) Last chance tourism: adapting tourism opportunities in a changing world. New York: Routledge. Pp 75-76.
Green R, Jones DN (2010) Practices, needs and attitudes of bird-watching tourists in Australia. Gold Coast, CRC for Sustainable Tourism. pp 18.
Cagan S (2002) Impacts of birdwatching on human and avian communities. Environmental Conservation 29: 282-289.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright and Attribution:
Articles in Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology are under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC-BY-NC) copyright. The work has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or part of a published lecture or thesis) and it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. When the manuscript is accepted for publication in this journal, the authors agree to the automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher.
Journal of Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Permissions:
Authors wishing to include figures, tables, or text passages that have already been published elsewhere and by other authors are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from one of the authors.
Ethical matters:
Experiments with animals or involving human patients must have had prior approval from the appropriate ethics committee. A statement to this effect should be provided within the text at the appropriate place. Experiments involving plants or microorganisms taken from countries other than the author's own must have had the correct authorization for this exportation.
