Uji Toksisitas Bacillus thuringiensis Asal Kota Nganjuk Terhadap Larva Aedes aegypti

Authors

  • Erma Kusuma Pratiwi
  • Setijono Samino
  • Zulfaidah Penata Gama

Abstract

ABSTRAK

 

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan salah satu penyakit endemik di Indonesia dan menyebabkan banyak kematian penduduk, khususnya di Provinsi Jawa Timur. Kota Nganjuk memiliki tingkat kelimpahan larva Aedes aegypti tertinggi di Provinsi Jawa Timur pada tahun 2008-2010. Kota Nganjuk merupakan daerah fokus utama untuk penanganan penyakit endemik DBD di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan isolat Bacillus thuringiensis asal Kota Nganjuk yang paling efektif dalam membunuh larva Aedes aegypti. Sampel sedimen dan air diambil dari 10 lokasi di Kecamatan Nganjuk. Bakteri diisolasi menggunakan media selektif B. thuringiensis kemudian dilakukan karakterisasi fenotip (Profil Matching Method), seleksi isolat yang patogen dan uji toksisitas (LC50) pada larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti instar III. Persentase mortalitas larva dianalisis probit (LC50) dan ragam (ANOVA). Hasil isolasi mendapatkan dua isolat B. thuringiensis yaitu K.K1.S.K2 dan W.Swh.S.K2 dari 26 isolat bakteri yang mampu membunuh larva Aedes aegypti instar III lebih dari 50 %. Isolat  K.K1.S.K2 serta W.Swh.S.K2 dengan umur biakan 48 jam pada waktu pendedahan 72 jam efektif membunuh larva Aedes aegypti instar III secara berurutan yaitu 83,3 % dan 76,67 %. Isolat W.Swh.S.K2 hasil isolasi dari sampel sedimen memiliki toksisitas tertinggi dengan nilai LC50 48 jam sebesar 3,53x107 sel/ml.

 

Kata Kunci : Aedes aegypti, Bacillus thuringiensis, Demam Berdarah Dengue, Uji Toksisitas

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Published

2013-08-27

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 4 (2013)

Section

Articles

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