Compatibility of Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Beauveria bassiana for Control of Spodoptera exigua and the Theoretical Impact to the Agroecosystem

Authors

  • Agung Sih Kurnianto 1)Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember. Kalimantan street, no 37. Tegalboto, Jember, East Java Province. 68121. Indonesia 2) Nature Resources and Ecosystem Conservation Research Group. CDAST building. Kalimantan street, no 37. Tegalboto, Jember, East Java Province. 68121. Indonesia.
  • Santi Prastiwi Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember. Kalimantan street, no 37. Tegalboto, Jember, East Java Province. 68121. Indonesia
  • Nilasari Dewi 1) Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember. Kalimantan street, no 37. Tegalboto, Jember, East Java Province. 68121. Indonesia. 2) Nature Resources and Ecosystem Conservation Research Group. CDAST building. Kalimantan street, no 37. Tegalboto, Jember, East Java Province. 68121. Indonesia.
  • Ahmad Ilham Tanzil Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember. Kalimantan street, no 37. Tegalboto, Jember, East Java Province. 68121. Indonesia.
  • Wildan Muhlison Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember. Kalimantan street, no 37. Tegalboto, Jember, East Java Province. 68121. Indonesia
  • Wagiyana Wagiyana Plant Protection Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember. Kalimantan street, no 37. Tegalboto, Jember, East Java Province. 68121. Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.02.01

Keywords:

Agroecosystem, Azadirachta indica, Beauveria bassiana, Compability, Spodoptera exigua

Abstract

Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the biggest threat to onion farming, especially in the vegetative phase. In severe attacks, this pest can cause yield losses of up to 100%. Compatibility is one way to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of pest control by using plant-based pesticides or biological agents. Neem Leaf Extract (Azadirachta indica, acronym=NLE) has an azadirachtin compound that can inhibit insect growth, reduce appetite, reproduction, and hatch eggs. The fungus Beauveria bassiana (acronym=Bb) can secrete chitinase, lipase, proteinase enzymes that are able to decompose insect cuticles. NLE was obtained through the extraction method of plant-based pesticides and stored at 4oC until the experiment time. The Bb used was a commercial B. bassiana inoculum in the flour form with a density of 4.5 x 1010 spores/gram (trade name = Natural BVR). To determine the advantages of compatibility, this study is held by a single toxicity test of Bb and NLE, and the combined toxicity test of both. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments with 4 replications, each replication used 12 larvae (a total of 48 larvae). Combination toxicity has a higher toxicity than the single use of NLE and Bb. At the LC 95 level, the combination treatment of Bb and NLE was 1.06-1.15 times more toxic than the single treatment of Bb, and 6.87-7.79 times more toxic than the single treatment of NLE. NLE and Bb are considered to have high compatibility (strong synergistic with GI value <0.5). Theoretically, the compatibility of NLE plant-based pesticides and Bb is very promising to replace chemical pesticides that have long-term adverse effects on agroecosystems.

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Published

2022-08-01

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Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)

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