Dinamika Struktur Komunitas Vegetasi Liar dan Pertumbuhan Padi Hitam Di Sawah Organik Kecamatan Kepanjen Malang
Abstract
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dinamika struktur vegetasi liar selama pertumbuhan padi hitam di persawahan organik di Kecamatan Kepanjen Kabupaten Malang dan menentukan interaksi keberadaan vegetasi liar pada pertumbuhan padi hitam. Metode yang digunakan adalah selected sampling, yaitu pemilihan petak contoh didasarkan pada pertumbuhan tanaman padi dan kelimpahan vegetasi liar. Pertumbuhan padi hitam diamati berdasarkan tinggi tanaman, biomassa, jumlah anakan, jumlah spikelet dan jumlah serta berat biji. Vegetasi liar diamati secara langsung dengan luasan 50 x 50 pada lokasi penentuan pengamatan pertumbuhan padi hitam. Faktor abiotik yang menjadi variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini meliputi tanah (berat jenis, bahan organik, pH dan konduktivitas) dan air sawah (pH dan konduktivitas). Genangan air sawah diamati dengan menggunakan score. Pengamatan dilakukan dalam empat fase (adaptasi tanaman 28 hst, pembentukan anakan 48 hst, pengisian malai 88 hst dan menjelang panen112 hst). Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan adanya dinamika vegetasi liar selama pertumbuhan padi hitam yang digambarkan dari biomassa vegetasi liar. Kelimpahan vegetasi liar yang tinggi menyebabkan penurunan terhadap pertumbuhan padi hitam, hal ini ditunjukkan dari tinggi pertumbuhan padi, jumlah anakan, malai dan spiklet pada masing-masing umur padi tumbuh minimal, rata-rata dan maksimal. Penutupan vegetasi liar berkorelasi negatif dengan genangan air sawah, yaitu tingginya genangan air sawah memberikan pengaruh terhadap vegetasi liar yang tumbuh.
Kata kunci : Dinamika, padi hitam, pertumbuhan, vegetasi liar.
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