Isolasi dan Uji Antagonis Kapang Tanah terhadap Fusarium Patogen pada Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) di Lahan Pertanian Bocek, Jawa Timur
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Salah satu kegagalan dalam budidaya tanaman tomat disebabkan oleh penyakit layu Fusarium. Penyakit ini dapat diatasi dengan penggunaan kapang antagonis yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan kapang patogen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi Fusarium patogen dan kapang antagonis, serta mengetahui potensi kapang antagonis untuk menghambat pertumbuhan Fusarium patogen. Tahapan penelitian meliputi isolasi Fusarium patogen dan kapang antagonis, skrining kandidat kapang antagonis, dan uji antagonis dengan metode dual-culture. Data dianalisis ragam satu arah dengan α = 0,05. Dua isolat Fusarium patogen diperoleh dari batang tanaman tomat dan 19 kandidat kapang antagonis berasal dari sampel tanah. Kapang tanah yang berpotensi untuk menghambat pertumbuhan Fusarium yaitu KT.7, KT.10. dan KT.16. Isolat KT.16 menunjukkan penghambatan tertinggi terhadap isolat FB.1, sedangkan isolat KT.7 menunjukkan penghambatan tertinggi terhadap isolat FB.2, yaitu berturut-turut 59,84 % dan 54,67 %.
Kata kunci: antagonis, Fusarium, kapang tanah, tomat
ABSTRACT
One of the failure in tomato plants cultivation caused by Fusarium wilt disease. This disease can be overcome using antagonist mold which able to inhibit pathogenic Fusarium.  The purpose of this research were to isolation pathogenic Fusarium and antagonist mold and determine potency of antagonist mold to inhibit growth of pathogenic Fusarium. The research consist of isolation of pathogenic Fusarium and antagonist mold, screening of antagonis molds candidate, and antagonist test using dual-culture method. Data was analyzed One-way ANOVA at a significant level of α = 0.05. Two pathogenic Fusarium were obtained from tomato plant stems and 19 candidate of antagonis molds were obtained from soil sample. Potential soil molds to inhibit growth of pathogenic Fusarium were isolates KT.7. KT.10, and KT.16. Isolate KT.16 showed the highest inhibition against isolate FB.1, whereas isolate KT.7 against isolate FB.2, 59.84 % and 54.67 % respectively.
Key words: antagonist, Fusarium, soil molds, tomato
References
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