STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MAKROINVERTEBRATA BENTOS DI SALURAN MATA AIR NYOLO DESA NGENEP KECAMATAN KARANGPLOSO KABUPATEN MALANG
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil struktur komunitas makroinvertebrata bentos untuk evaluasi kualitas air di mata air Nyolo dan salurannya yang terletak di Desa Ngenep Kecamatan Karangploso Kabupaten Malang. Pengambilan sampel makroinvertebrata bentos dilakukan pada enam stasiun meliputi sekitar mata air Nyolo (stasiun satu dan dua), Curah Glogo (stasiun tiga dan empat), dan Curah Lang-lang (stasiun lima dan enam). Sampel diambil sebanyak ±100 individu/stasiun menggunakan Jaring Surber dan handnet. Pengumpulan data tiap stasiun meliputi komposisi dan kerapatan tiap spesies selanjutnya digunakan untuk menghitung kekayaan taksa, INP (Indeks Nilai Penting), dan indeks diversitas (H’). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kekayaan taksa makroinvertebrata bentos yang ditemukan sebanyak 28 taksa dan bervariasi pada tiap stasiun. Baetidae, Caenidae, Melanoides tuberculata, Odonata dari famili Euphaeidae, Planaria dan Hydropsychidae jenis Cheumatopsyche sp. ditemukan di semua stasiun. Pada setiap stasiun didominasi oleh jenis yang berbeda, di stasiun satu terdapat kodominasi Chironomidae dan Cheumatopsyche sp., stasiun dua didominasi oleh Melanoides tuberculata, stasiun tiga terdapat kodominasi Lymnaea rubiginosa, Thiara scabra, dan Dugesia trigina, stasiun empat terdapat kodominasi Cheumatopsyche sp. dan Simuliidae, dan di stasiun lima dan enam didominasi oleh Baetidae. Tingkat pencemaran bahan organik semakin menurun pada saluran yang semakin jauh dari mata air berdasarkan taksa makroinvertebrata bentos dominan yang ditemukan, namun demikian tingkat pencemaran bahan toksik  berdasarkan indeks diversitas Shannon-Wiener semakin tinggi.
Kata kunci: makroinvertebrata bentos, mata air Nyolo dan salurannya, struktur komunitas
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