Pemanfaatan Rhizobakteri dari Gulma di UB Forest sebagai Agen Antagonis Penyakit Layu Bakteri pada Kentang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2018.006.02.03Keywords:
Bacterial wilt, Potato, Ralstonia, RhizobacteriaAbstract
Penyakit layu bakteri yang diakibatkan oleh patogen Ralstonia solanacearum merupakan kendala yang sering terjadi pada budidaya tanaman kentang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan rhizobakteri yang efektif mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan pada tanaman kentang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, UB Forest, dan Desa Tulungrejo Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu. Rhizobakteri diisolasi dari  perakaran gulma di UB Forest kemudian dilakukan pengujian aktivitas sebagai pemicu pertumbuhan. Rhizobakteri yang terpilih dilakukan pengujian sifat antagonis terhadap R. solanacearum secara in vitro dan penekanan terhadap angka kejadian penyakit serta pertumbuhan tanaman kentang. Identifikasi isolat dilakukan secara fisiologi, biokimia dan molekuler. Hasil eksplorasi didapatkan 20 isolat rhizobakteri yang bersifat antagonis terhadap R. solanacearum. Isolat AGR 2 memiliki diameter penghambatan yang sama dengan bakterisida secara in vitro. Secara in vivo isolat bakteri AGR 1, AGR 2 dan EPT 9 dapat meningkatkan rerata jumlah daun lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan bakterisida pada 1 dan 2 MSA (minggu setelah aplikasi). EPT 9 mampu menekan angka kejadian penyakit layu bakteri 55,6 % setelah 5 MSA dan meningkatkan berat umbi sebesar 59,3 % lebih tinggi dari perlakuan kontrol. Isolat  AGR 2 diketahui sebagai Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan EPT 9 merupakan Bacillus cereus.
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