Uji Aktifitas Biologis Fraksi Ethanol Daun Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) Terhadap Perubahan Kuantitatif Sel T Regulator Pada Mencit BALB/c (Mus musculus)
Abstract
Andrografolid merupakan senyawa aktif sejenis diterpenoid yang terkandung dalam daun sambiloto dan berperan sebagai imunomodulator di dalam sistem imun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan kuantitatif sel T regulator setelah pemberian fraksi ethanol daun sambiloto secara oral, mengetahui dosis optimum fraksi ethanol daun sambiloto dalam perubahan kuantitas sel T regulator, dan mengetahui histopatologis jaringan hepar setelah pemberian fraksi ethanol daun sambiloto. Metode meliputi ekstraksi daun sambiloto dengan pelarut ethanol 95%, perlakuan oral pada mencit BALB/c normal selama 2 minggu dengan dosis 0; 0,1; 0,5; dan 1 mg/g BB, isolasi sel limfosit organ spleen, analisis kuantitatif sel limfosit menggunakan haemocytometer dan flowcytometry, dan pembuatan preparat histologi hepar dengan pewarnaan HE. Analisis data menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan uji ANOVA selang kepercayaan 95% menggunakan program SPSS 16 for Windows. Pemberian fraksi ethanol daun sambiloto secara oral meningkatkan jumlah sel T CD4+CD25+, pada Dosis 1 (0,1 mg/g BB) dan Dosis 2 (0,5 mg/g BB), selain itu terjadi penurunan jumlah sel T CD4+, CD4+CD62L+, dan CD8+CD62L+ pada Dosis 1 (0,1 mg/g BB) dan Dosis 3 (1 mg/g BB). Dosis optimum fraksi ethanol daun sambiloto dalam peningkatan sel T regulator adalah 0,1 mg/g BB. Fraksi ethanol daun sambiloto dosis 1 mg/g BB menimbulkan efek toksik yang signifikan pada jaringan hepar.
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Kata kunci: andrografolid, daun sambiloto, fraksi ethanol, histopatologi, imunomodulator
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