Peningkatan Kualitas Air Irigasi Akibat Penanaman Vegetasi Riparian dari Hidromakrofita Lokal selama 50 Hari
Abstract
Air irigasi berperan penting dalam pengairan sawah. Air irigasi sering tercemari oleh limbah hasil aktivitas antropogenik. Hidromakrofita telah diketahui mampu berperan sebagai agen fitoremediasi kualitas air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi beberapa hidromakrofita lokal yang ditanam di tepi saluran irigasi selama 50 hari sebagai vegetasi riparian dalam peningkatan kualitas air irigasi. Hidromakrofita lokal yang digunakan adalah Limnocharis flava, Ipomoea aquatica, Fimbristylis globulosa, Vetiveria zizanoides, Equisetum ramosissium, Typha angustifolia, Sesbania grandiflora dan Scirpus grossus. Vegetasi riparian ditanam sepanjang 275 m di saluran irigasi Desa Kedung Pedaringan Kecamatan Kepanjen Kabupaten Malang. Kualitas fisikokimia air meliputi TDS, Nilai KMnO4, Ortofosfat, dan Amonium diamati setelah penanaman selama 50 hari. Pemantauan dilakukan pada lokasi sebelum penanaman (hulu), setelah penanaman sepanjang 125 m (tengah) dan setelah penanaman sepanjang 275 m (hilir). Perbedaan nilai tiap parameter antar lokasi diketahui dari uji Anova, analisis Cluster dan analisis Biplot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya penanaman delapan jenis tanaman vegetasi riparian di sepanjang tepi saluran irigasi tersier mampu meningkatkan kualitas air irigasi. Penananaman tersebut mampu menurunkan kadar Nilai KMnO4, TDS, ortofosfat, dan ammonium secara signifikan. Penanaman vegetasi riparian sepanjang 275 m lebih efektif meningkatkan kualitas air dibandingkan penanaman sepanjang 125 m.
Kata kunci:Â Air irigasi, kualitas air, vegetasi riparian
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